6山区居民以及邻近印度恒河平原的居民。直到20世纪70年代，环境保护、粮食安全和农村经济发展都被视为独立的部门。面向部门的办法的不良结果促进了同时处理环境和社会经济问题的努力。确定“关键”自然资源管理措施是综合管理的一个重要方面。覆盖印度喜马拉雅40%的退化土地的修复项目可能是关键的干预措施，只要它们能够解决跨空间和时间尺度的社会经济和环境问题。但是，这类项目，例如在退化林地上投资针叶树种植园，由于其设计没有考虑到当地居民的需要而失败。本研究以靠近高山带的一个与世隔绝的小村庄为例，说明了土地复垦的情况。该项目战略的重要内容包括查明当地的看法和知识，并使当地人民参与选择和执行恢复土地所需的干预措施。研究发现，社区更关心竹子和药用物种的直接经济效益，而不是植树的长期效益。村民们最终达成共识，种植阔叶多用途树，与竹子和药用植物相结合。 Despite assurances that all the economic benefits from rehabilitation would go to the community, the people would not agree to voluntary labor, although they did absorb significant costs by providing social fencing, farmyard manure, and propagules from community forests. Households shared costs and benefits according to traditional norms. The economic benefits to the local people exceeded the rehabilitation cost over the 7-yr life of the project. There were significant on-site environmental benefits in terms of improvements in soil fertility, biodiversity, protective cover, and carbon sequestration, and off-site benefits from more productive use of labor, reduced pressure on protected areas, and the introduction of rare and threatened medicinal species onto private farmland." />6山区居民以及邻近印度恒河平原的居民。直到20世纪70年代，环境保护、粮食安全和农村经济发展都被视为独立的部门。面向部门的办法的不良结果促进了同时处理环境和社会经济问题的努力。确定“关键”自然资源管理措施是综合管理的一个重要方面。覆盖印度喜马拉雅40%的退化土地的修复项目可能是关键的干预措施，只要它们能够解决跨空间和时间尺度的社会经济和环境问题。但是，这类项目，例如在退化林地上投资针叶树种植园，由于其设计没有考虑到当地居民的需要而失败。本研究以靠近高山带的一个与世隔绝的小村庄为例，说明了土地复垦的情况。该项目战略的重要内容包括查明当地的看法和知识，并使当地人民参与选择和执行恢复土地所需的干预措施。研究发现，社区更关心竹子和药用物种的直接经济效益，而不是植树的长期效益。村民们最终达成共识，种植阔叶多用途树，与竹子和药用植物相结合。 Despite assurances that all the economic benefits from rehabilitation would go to the community, the people would not agree to voluntary labor, although they did absorb significant costs by providing social fencing, farmyard manure, and propagules from community forests. Households shared costs and benefits according to traditional norms. The economic benefits to the local people exceeded the rehabilitation cost over the 7-yr life of the project. There were significant on-site environmental benefits in terms of improvements in soil fertility, biodiversity, protective cover, and carbon sequestration, and off-site benefits from more productive use of labor, reduced pressure on protected areas, and the introduction of rare and threatened medicinal species onto private farmland." />
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